Intertidal clams exhibit population synchrony across spatial and temporal scales.

gigantea either exhibited strong positive loadings on trend 1 and/or some combination of positive or negative loadings on trends 2 and 3; this translated to an overall increasing trend on eight out of the 11 populations, a decreasing trend in the last decade for PS and PD, and an increase to relatively stable population for HI (Figs. 2 , 3 ).

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gigantea populations had the strongest positive correlations with trend 1 (median correlation = 0.55) indicating that populations were generally associated with an increasing trend, whereas L. staminea had the strongest positive correlations with trend 2 (median correlation = 0.67) indicating that populations were generally associated with a declining trend.

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