Influenza "Trains" the Host for Enhanced Susceptibility to Secondary Bacterial Infection.

Importantly, those that received Eritoran treatment after PR8 infection but prior to Sp3 superinfection showed a significant decrease ( P < 0.05) in both COX2 and IFN-β mRNA expression and a nonsignificant trend toward decreased IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA expression ( Fig.

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When mice were PR8 infected on day 0, vehicle treated on days 2 to 6, and then infected with Sp3 on day 7, there was a highly significant increase in lethality (∼90%), confirming that this is a robust model of influenza-enhanced susceptibility to 2° bacterial infection.

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