Effects of Residence Time, Auto-Fertility and Pollinator Dependence on Reproductive Output and Spread of Alien and Native Asteraceae.

Depending on invasion status, biomass of ripe seeds differed between treatments (marginally significant interaction, Figure 2 , Table 1 ): While there were no differences in seed biomass between treatments for natives and established neophytes (both mean native “with pollinators” and “without pollinators”: 0.49 g; mean established neophytes “with pollinators”: 0.75 g; mean established neophytes “without pollinators”: 0.71 g), for archaeophytes and casual neophytes the treatment “with pollinators” (mean archaeophytes: 0.37 g; mean casual neophytes: 0.32 g) reported a higher seed biomass than the treatment “without pollinators” (mean archaeophytes: 0.05 g; mean casual neophytes: 0.09 g).

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