Lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation induces presynaptic disruption through a direct action on brain tissue involving microglia-derived interleukin 1 beta.

Whilst in the untreated culture medium, the levels of IL1β were undetectable, in LPS-treated cultures, there was an average of 6 pg/ml IL1β detected, representing a highly significant increase (*** p = 0.0008) (Fig. 3 a).

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