Obscenity of Cigarette and Hookah Smoking in Iranian Adolescents: A Longitudinal School-based Study.

The social acceptance of tobacco smoking in developed countries is currently being reduced by various measures, tobacco-control polices, including ban on cigarette smoking in public places, anti-marketing fights in the public media, and heavy taxation on tobacco products.[ 30 , 31 ] Such a decreasing trend in social acceptance of tobacco smoking does not seem to exist in developing countries such as Iran.[ 32 ] Results of the present study showed that female students considered cigarette much obscener than hookah.

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