Prevalence of <i>bla</i>TEM, <i>bla</i>SHV, and <i>bla</i>CTX-M Genes among ESBL-Producing <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated from Thalassemia Patients in Erbil, Iraq.

6 Because there is an increase in the rates of bacterial resistance every year, leading to rising global concern, it is highly significant to understand susceptibility patterns as hospital stays may prolong and mortality rates increase due to inappropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy, which can be controlled given appropriate therapy. 7 Acquiring additional PBPs insensitive to β-lactam or changing the normal PBPs are known as the commonest cause of resistance in cocci such as MRSA and pneumococci which are gram positive.

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