Thrombin induces Ca²⁺-dependent glutamate release from RPE cells mediated by PLC/PKC and reverse Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchange.

To further confirm the requirement of calcium from intracellular stores for glutamate release, RPE cells were treated with 5 μM ionomycin, known to promote the release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the cytosol, and showed a highly significant increase in thrombin-stimulated glutamate release in this condition ( Figure 4B ).

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