highly significantp ≤ 0.01
Activity of PAL A highly significant ( p ≤ 0.01) increase in PAL activity was observed in all evaluated wheat lines/cultivars ( Taa Sumai 3/R, Tas 581/R, Taa 307/S, and Tas 587/S) after inoculation with F. culmorum to non-inoculated plants ( Figure 3 ).