highly significantP < 0.001
Differences were regarded as significant if probability value P < 0.05 and highly significant if P < 0.001.[ 19 ] R ESULTS Morphological characterization with phase-contrast microscopy On the 1 st day of the primary culture of BM-MSCs, Passage 0 (P0) revealed rounded, crowded, and floating cells, while 3–4 days later, most of the cells were adherent in the form of spindle and triangular cells with processes, yet few cells appeared rounded [ Figure 1a ].