Psychosocial Well-Being and HIV-Related Immune Health Outcomes among HIV-Positive Older Adults: Support for a Biopsychosocial Model of HIV Stigma and Health.

46 , 47 In cross-sectional analyses, 95% of participants endorsed experiencing HIV stigma, and moreover, higher experiences of HIV stigma were significantly associated with lower odds of VL suppression, while hypothesized indirect effects of depression and ART adherence failed to reach significance. 47 In longitudinal analyses, the direct association between higher HIV stigma and lower odds of VL suppression persisted, while the hypothesized mediators of this association (depressive symptoms and social support) remained nonsignificant. 46 Taken together, these intriguing findings suggest an inverse relationship between HIV stigma and HIV-related health—wherein higher degrees of subjective experiences of HIV-related stigma directly associate with objective measures of HIV VL.

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