a marginal trendp = 0.055
A follow-up t -test indicated that non-clustered learners showed a marginal trend toward better memory than clustered learners for the first 30 LP trials ( t (60) = 1.96, p = 0.055, Cohen’s d = 0.51, CL effect size = 64%; clustered: M = 0.57, 95% CI [0.51, 0.62]; non-clustered: M = 0.65, 95% CI [0.58, 0.72]).