Investigating the Effect of One Year of Learning to Play a Musical Instrument on Speech-in-Noise Perception and Phonological Short-Term Memory in 5-to-7-Year-Old Children.

Front Psychol · 2019 · PMC6970197 · PMID 31998174

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0800

closest p · 1.6× alpha

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marginally significantp = 0.08so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

(2012) further reported that the correlation between the number of years of musical training received and auditory working memory ability was “marginally significant” ( r = 0.38, p = 0.08), strongly implying that musical training was causally responsible for the measured between-group difference.

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