The orphan receptor GPR88 blunts the signaling of opioid receptors and multiple striatal GPCRs.

Having shown above that mice lacking Gpr88 display a drastic increase in their locomotor sensitization to repeated morphine administration, and that this effect was highly significant since the second administration of morphine, we aimed at evaluating μOR signaling by assessing pERK/tERK ratio in brain regions from Gpr88 -/- versus Gpr88 +/+ mice, in an attempt to capture β-arr2/pERK recruitment, shown to play a crucial role in morphine-induced locomotor sensitization ( Tao et al., 2017 ; Urs et al., 2011 ; Valjent et al., 2005 ; Valjent et al., 2010 ).

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