Intranasal deferoxamine can improve memory in healthy C57 mice, suggesting a partially non-disease-specific pathway of functional neurologic improvement.

Although the significant changes observed with the IN‐dosed mice in behavior and biochemistry were not seen in the IP DFO mice, there was a nonsignificant trend toward an increase in the ratio of pGSK‐3β to GSK‐3β and, to a lesser extent, HIF‐1α, in the hippocampus of IP DFO mice.

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