an increasing trendP < 0.01
RESULTS The externally forced summer (June-July-August or JJA mean) rainfall changes seen in the ensemble mean of the MPI-ESM simulations show an increasing trend of 0.31 mm day −1 (30 years) −1 ( P < 0.01) from 2016 to 2045 over the SASM region (5°N to 30°N, 65° to 90°E; Fig. 1A ) under the representative concentration pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) high emissions scenario.