almost significantp = .055
These main effects were qualified by significant interactions of orientation and country, F (1, 161) = 20.28, p < .001, η p 2 = .112 (indicating a larger RT difference between horizontal and vertical oriented materials in the Malaysian sample compared to the German sample), as well as of compatibility and SOA, F (6, 322) = 15.02, p < .001, η p 2 = .219, and by an almost significant interaction of orientation, country, and SOA, F (3, 161) = 2.58, p = .055, η p 2 = .046.