Utility of routine evaluations for rejection in patients greater than 2 years after heart transplantation.

3 While the risks of complications associated with a routine EMB are low, they may be significant and include ventricular perforation, pseudoaneurysm, arrhythmias, and damage to the tricuspid valve with the potential for tricuspid insufficiency leading to right heart failure. 4 While GEPs avoid upfront risk, positive studies necessitate a confirmatory EMB as the test's positive predictive v

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