marginally significantp = 0.059
Moreover, the effect of the Pet-related Avoidance Scale was marginally significant [ F ( 1 , 432 ) = 3.597, p = 0.059]; dogs of owners with elevated PAVS tended to approach the toy object later, and there was a significant PAVS × PANXS interaction [ F ( 1 , 432 ) = 5.568, p = 0.019; dogs of owners with lower PAVS and PANXS tended to approach the toy object sooner].