Bacterial Colonization within the First Six Weeks of Life and Pulmonary Outcome in Preterm Infants <1000 g.

As the preterm infant is exposed to non-physiologic bacteria from the surrounding NICU [ 41 , 42 ] in a situation where the immune system is immature and incapable of bacterial clearance, its insufficient defense mechanisms might account for the highly significant result which is surprising taking into account the multifactorial origins of BPD [ 43 , 44 ].

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