As a result of esthetic reasons, there is an increasing trend to substitute titanium abutments with all-ceramic materials, i.e., alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and zirconia (ZrO 2 ), to avoid peri-implant soft tissue discoloration in patients with a thin gingival biotype [ 5 ].
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Qualitative and Semi-Quantitative Assessment of Processing-Related Surface Contamination of One- and Two-Piece CAD/CAM Abutments before and after Ultrasonic Cleaning.
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