By comparing PAO1 preexposed to ethanol (vehicle control) with treatment with the respective hormones (testosterone at 2.5 μM and estriol at 25 nM), we observed a significant increase in bacterial counts (CFU) in the lungs of mice treated with testosterone ( P < 0.0001) and a trend toward significance with estriol ( Fig. 1J and K ).
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Sex Steroids Induce Membrane Stress Responses and Virulence Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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