Immunological Characteristics of Hyperprogressive Disease in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Abs.

Based on these results, we measured the frequency of CD28 + cells among peripheral blood PD-1 + CD8 + T cells and found a decreasing trend from DCB patients to HPD patients regarding the baseline frequency of CD28 + cells among PD-1 + CD8 + T cells, but the difference was not significant ( Fig. 4E ).

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When peripheral blood immune cells were examined, the pre-treatment frequency of CD39 + cells among CD8 + T cells was significantly higher in patients with HPD compared to those with NHPD, although it showed borderline significance to predict HPD.

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