Effects of developmental exposure to pesticides in wax and pollen on honey bee (Apis mellifera) queen reproductive phenotypes.

Sci Rep · 2021 · PMC7806648 · PMID 33441911

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0530

closest p · 1.1× alpha

0.1400

boldest claim

The sentences

marginally significantP = 0.053so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Curiously, we observed that colonies headed by queens reared in treated wax had a lower number of varroa mites per bee and this effect was marginally significant ( P = 0.053).

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marginally statistically significantP = 0.14not close (p > 0.1)

However, this difference was only marginally statistically significant (Whole Model F (2,15) = 2.20, P = 0.14; Pollen treatment: F (1,1) = 4.10, P = 0.06) and this was most likely the result of the reduced sample size and high variance.

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