Genome-wide analysis of DNA G-quadruplex motifs across 37 species provides insights into G4 evolution.

With the evolution of species from unicellular eukaryotic yeast to higher vertebrate humans, the distribution of G4 motifs in the genomes exhibited an increasing trend, and the number of G4 motifs intensively localized in the upstream regulatory regions of genes increased, reflecting that the role of G4, especially the most stable (G/C) 3 L 1–7 type, in gene regulation may have become increasingly important during evolution.

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