Among several genes, only the expression of Tmsf4 , the gene coding DC-STAMP essential for osteoclast fusion, was significantly induced by 1 μM GRP treatment ( Figure 1 D), although the expression of differentiation marker genes, such as Trap and Ctk , showed an increasing trend at higher GRP concentrations. 3.2.
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Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP) Stimulates Osteoclastogenesis in Periodontitis.
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