I am not sure about the future, but I will definitely work hard to pursue a better life.” The smoothed Loess curve in Figure 5 demonstrates an increasing trend in Penny’s final stage of listening development (M26 to M30), and the smaller bandwidth of the min–max graphs in Figure 8 also indicate her better performance in each listening section.
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A CDST Perspective on Variability in Foreign Language Learners' Listening Development.
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