Virus infection of the CNS disrupts the immune-neural-synaptic axis via induction of pleiotropic gene regulation of host responses.

Further dissection of the transcriptional regulation of cell death processes in WNV-ND revealed that: (i) cell death processes in WNV-ND were regulated bi-directionally (i.e., enriched GO BP terms included both negative and positive regulation) ( Figure 5a ); (ii) negative regulation of cell death appeared to outweigh the positive regulation based on the larger number of annotated genes in both the cerebellum and spinal cord ( Figure 5a ), although the FDR-adjusted p-values for the negative and positive regulation were both highly significant and comparable (in the range of 12.2–18.7 negative log10 of adjusted p-value); (iii) regulation of the following types of the cell death was significantly enriched: necroptosis, apoptosis, and necrosis ( Figure 5a ); (iv) regulation of the cell death processes was significantly enriched in two type

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