Exploring the Differences in Taiwanese University Students’ Online Learning Task Value, Goal Orientation, and Self-Efficacy Before and After the COVID-19 Outbreak

The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher · 2021 · PMC7900648

Europe PMC

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may be significantno p-value reported

In turn, as suggested by previous literature, understanding online learners’ self-efficacy may be significant to reflect present online learning practices during this pandemic period.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.