A novel palmitic acid hydroxy stearic acid (5-PAHSA) plays a neuroprotective role by inhibiting phosphorylation of the m-TOR-ULK1 pathway and regulating autophagy.

The levels of BAX and Cleaved caspase‐3 were slightly increased under diabetic conditions and showed a decreasing trend after 5‐PAHSA administration; however, these changes were not statistically significant ( n = 6) (Figure 5 (A)–(B)). 3.7 Apoptosis‐related proteins did not change after 30 days of 5‐PAHSA administration in both C57BL/6 and DB/DB mice Next, we detected the levels of apoptosis‐related proteins, such as BAX and Cleaved caspase‐3, in the brains of both C57BL/6 and DB/DB mice.

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