Meningococcal carriage in periods of high and low invasive meningococcal disease incidence in the UK: comparison of UKMenCar1-4 cross-sectional survey results.

Meningococcal carriage rate by age group showed an increasing trend from 15 years old to 18–19 years old, both in 1999 and in 2014–15 ( figure 2A ; appendix pp 6 and 8 ); however, the age-specific carriage rates were significantly lower in UKMenCar4 in every age group than in UKMenCar1 (1999), reflecting the overall decline in carriage ( figure 2A ).

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