Looking at the temporal development of disease susceptibility in more detail, a decreasing trend for I1 was estimated for all diseases except for YLR, indicating breeding progress towards more resistant varieties.
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Breeding progress of disease resistance and impact of disease severity under natural infections in winter wheat variety trials.
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The decrease of severity levels between 1983 (1996) and 2019 was notably larger and highly significant for I2, except for MLD and DTR, where for I1 only MLD, SNB and DTR showed significant reductions of −1.5, −1.1 and −1.3, respectively.
The extended model is given by 1b y ijkl = P l + G i + L j + Y k + LY jk + GL ij + GY ik + GLY ijk Model for overall yield trend An overall trend was modelled considering the genotypes as nested within years (Laidig et al. 2014 ).