Updated analysis of pediatric clinical studies registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, 2008-2019.

For the scale of Enrollment , most interventional trials were small-scale (enrolling 1–100 participants) and showed an increasing trend over time ( Z = 3.96, p < 0.001).

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The distribution of these variables has changed over time. As displayed in Table 1 , the Primary purpose of trials oriented toward treatment comprised the largest proportion (60.0%) of interventional trials listed, while the proportion showed a decreasing trend over time ( Z = − 16.12, p < 0.001).

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