Overview of Control Programs for Twenty-Four Infectious Cattle Diseases in Italy

Export of cattle is almost insignificant: in 2019, only 17,077 heads were exported, a yearly rate constant in the last decade.

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In the last 10 years (2011–2020) 118 outbreaks have been officially notified in cattle, showing an increasing trend starting from 2018 ( Table 7 ); nevertheless it is not possible to exclude that the effectiveness of notifications varies among different regions, thus underreporting is possible.

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The last 11 years (2010–2020) have shown a decreasing trend in the number of cattle farms ( Figure 2A ), mainly dairy farms (from 44,109 to 26,255; −40%).

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