Circulating mature granzyme B+ T cells distinguish Crohn's disease-associated axial spondyloarthritis from axial spondyloarthritis and Crohn's disease.

While the CD4+ compartment within CD-axSpA was skewed towards a terminally activated phenotype, we noted a small trend towards increased PD-1+ T cells of both CD4 and CD8 lineages within all disease groups including CD-axSpA (Fig. 3 e, f), suggesting increased terminally exhausted T cells in at least a subset of individuals.

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