Plasma concentrations of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in patients with substance use disorders and comorbid major depressive disorder.

Sci Rep · 2021 · PMC8249412 · PMID 34211033

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a nonsignificant trendno p-value reported

While in preclinical studies this immunomodulatory growth factor helps to consolidate cocaine reward/cocaine seeking behavior, in abstinent humans we observed that G-CSF concentrations are lowered in patients with CUD and with a nonsignificant trend toward a negative correlation with the severity of CUD.

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