Correlation between antibiotic consumption and the incidence of healthcare facility-onset Clostridioides difficile infection: a retrospective chart review and analysis.

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control · 2021 · PMC8348999 · PMID 34362442

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0540

closest p · 1.1× alpha

0.0540

boldest claim

The sentences

an increasing trendP = 0.054so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

When the outlying data points (January 2017 and December 2018) were excluded, the incidence of HO-CDI showed an increasing trend, without statistical significance ( P = 0.054).

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

Antibiotic consumption The consumption of all classes of intravenous antibiotics evaluated in this study, except BLBLIs, showed a decreasing trend in use; specifically, a significant decrease in fluoroquinolones, glycopeptides, and clindamycin.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.