highly significantP < 0.01
( 2015 ) showed that the relationship between impulse and mean velocity in each stroke rate (60, 80 spm, and race pace) were highly significant (60 spm, r = 0.888; 80 spm, r = 0.896; race pace, r = 0.847; all P < 0.01), indicating that, if the area under the force-time curve is increased and the stroke rate maintained, the average kayak velocity should increase.