Circulating syndecan-1 is reduced in pregnancies with poor fetal growth and its secretion regulated by matrix metalloproteinases and the mitochondria.

This confirmed modest though highly significant associations between circulating syndecan-1 and birthweight at 36 weeks’ (cohort 1; p < 0.0001; R 2 = 0.02, Supplementary Figure 1 E), and on the day of delivery in both the Melbourne (cohort 3; p < 0.0001 R 2 = 0.06, Supplementary Figure 1 F) and Chile cohorts (cohort 4; p = 0.0008, R 2 = 0.03, Supplementary Figure 1 G).

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