highly significantP < .001
First, the heterogeneity was evaluated for the selected studies, and highly significant heterogeneity was identified ( I 2 = 96.6%; P < .001); thus, a random effect model was selected to estimate the pooled effect size.
First, the heterogeneity was evaluated for the selected studies, and highly significant heterogeneity was identified ( I 2 = 96.6%; P < .001); thus, a random effect model was selected to estimate the pooled effect size.