Integration of Molecular Inflammatory Interactome Analyses Reveals Dynamics of Circulating Cytokines and Extracellular Vesicle Long Non-Coding RNAs and mRNAs in Heroin Addicts During Acute and Protracted Withdrawal.

Surprisingly, although the dramatically disturbed T h 1/T h 2/T h 17 balance in heroin addicts at the AW stage has been mostly restored to the baseline around one year after the initiation of abstinence, the levels of cytokines of T h 1 (IL-2, adj.p = 0.0467; TNF-α, adj.p = 3.45E-03), T h 2 (IL-4, adj.p = 0.06; IL-10, adj.p = 0.0461), and T h 17 (IL-17A, adj.p = 5.41E-03) remained elevated in PW heroin subjects relative to HCs with a statistical significance or a considerable trend toward significance.

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