The application of NDSI proxies using RS data inevitably bring to more or less significant biases, reflecting into the reliability of plant functional traits retrieved, which are due to complex combinations of factors, including: vegetation fractional cover and mixture with canopy background, density and structure effects (e.g. leaf orientation), reflectance anisotropy, and atmospheric effects [ 32 ].
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Leaf reflectance can surrogate foliar economics better than physiological traits across macrophyte species.
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