Outcomes of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Vs. Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Young Children With Respiratory Distress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Although the pooled effect sizes for risk of need for intubation [RR, 1.69; 95% CI, 0.97 to 2.94; I 2 = 0.0%, n = 5] and mortality [RR, 3.33; 95% CI, 0.95 to 11.67; n = 1] did not achieve statistical significance, the direction of the effect sizes tended toward significance and indicated a nearly three times higher risk for mortality and two times higher risk of need for intubation in those receiving HFNC, compared to CPAP treatment ( Figure 2 ).

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