Programmed death (PD)-1/PD-ligand 1 blockade mediates antiangiogenic effects by tumor-derived CXCL10/11 as a potential predictive biomarker.

28 , 29 As the gene expression of CXCL10/11 was increased only in the tumor tissue against which PD‐L1 blockade showed antitumor and antiangiogenic effects, we focused on CXCL10/11 as candidate molecules for modulating the sensitivity to anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy and confirmed that the protein expression of mouse CXCL10 was significantly increased and that of CXCL11 showed an increasing trend in the serum of PD‐L1 blockade‐treated AB1‐HA tumor‐bearing mice (Figure 4C ).

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