a trend toward significancep = 0.076
In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, no significant relationship was seen between variables and helmet-NIV success, though a trend toward significance was seen for age ( p = 0.076), initial SpO 2 ( p = 0.06), PFR at 24 hours ( p = 0.069), and change in PFR between before and 24 hours after helmet-NIV initiation ( p = 0.068) ( Table 3 ).