As predicted, the total execution time (both in the manual and autonomous endoscope control modalities) is characterized by a decreasing trend as a function of the experience of the user (i.e., the total number of robotic surgical procedures performed in the last year).
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Automating Endoscope Motion in Robotic Surgery: A Usability Study on da Vinci-Assisted <i>Ex Vivo</i> Neobladder Reconstruction.
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