highly significantp < 10 −14
This analysis confirmed that human observers exhibited much lower SSNR thresholds than DNNs, outperforming the DNNs by a highly significant margin at recognizing objects in pixelated noise ( t (26) = 15.94, p < 10 −14 ); they also outperformed DNNs at recognizing objects in Fourier phase-scrambled noise ( t (26) = 12.29, p < 10 −11 ).