Disentangling help-seeking and giving up: differential human-directed gazing by dogs in a modified unsolvable task paradigm.

Anim Cogn · 2022 · PMC8753593 · PMID 35020108

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In contrast, there was a highly significant difference in latency to gaze at the experimenter (Group O: median = 89.9 s, IQR 46.6–117.6; Group E: median = 46.4 s, IQR 17.8–70.4) (Mann–Whitney U test, U = 146, p < 0.0001).

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