Exposure to Toxicants Associated With Use and Transitions Between Cigarettes, e-Cigarettes, and No Tobacco.

JAMA Netw Open · 2022 · PMC8832174 · PMID 35142830

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13 Laboratory studies also identified an increasing trend in high concentrations of nicotine metabolites in urine biomarkers among e-cigarette users. 14 High levels of nicotine exposure can cause addiction, potentially adversely affect adolescent brain development, alter cognitive function, and increase susceptibility to other addictive drugs. 15 Transiti

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