Hemp and buckwheat are valuable sources of dietary amino acids, beneficially modulating gastrointestinal hormones and promoting satiety in healthy volunteers.

Certain amino acids are considered to be detrimental and high circulating concentrations of branched-chain (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs) are associated with several characteristics of T2D, such as increased glycaemia and insulin resistance [ 3 – 6 ] BCAAs (isoleucine, leucine, valine) and AAAs (tyrosine and phenylalanine) were shown to have highly significant associations with risk of future diabetes development [ 4 ].

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