Process epistemology in the COVID-19 era: rethinking the research process to avoid dangerous forms of reification.

in other words, in a questionable extrapolation of T-Re 17 ; the clinical observations by medical doctors from non-English-speaking countries, which meant overlooking sources of evidence – such as early observations of a drop in oxygen saturation levels for affected patients – that turned out to be highly significant means of diagnosis and treatment: thereby, in our terms, overlooking the availability of M-Re resources that would have meaningfully informed the subsequent pandemic response (Krige & Leonelli, 2021 ); and the observation and experiences of COVID-19 patients and related groups, whose early involvement in the process of data collection could have helped to identify and better study the dangers presented by long-term consequences of COVID infections, thereby helping to identify “long COVID” as a phenomenon requiring urgent investigation (Leonelli, 2021 ).

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